过去美国每一次衰退后的复苏,都是由楼市及消费市场所带动,纵使不少人指美国经济已开始复苏,但无论是经济学者或联储局仝人皆预期复苏步伐微弱,最大的问题便是就业市场仍在淌血,失业率尚未见顶,势必令楼市断供率或银主盘持续上升,而消费市场在国民「增储蓄、减消费」的大气候下,亦难以为复苏提供足够动力。
美国最新的官方失业率数字为10.2%,乃1982年以来的新高,与去年3月相比,短短年半时间增加了1倍,令人乍舌。不过,数字并未如实反映美国就业市场的恶劣状况。美国另一套官方数字显示,失业率实际上已高达17.5%,令经济复苏的说法根本站不住脚。
官方每月公布的失业率为U-3数字,所计算的只是仍在搵工的没有工作人士,至于那些已心灰意冷而放弃搵工,又或者骑牛搵马仍想找寻全职的临时工,又或者开工率不足的人士,并不收入数据之内。但政府于1994年起亦开始製订另一套失业数字,把上述人士收纳于数据之中,这个较能真实反映就业市场状况的广义失业率称为U-6。
U-3失业率较去年3月倍增,但U-6的上升速度较U-3尤甚,原因之一是过去10年美国新创造的职位有约四成与楼市兴旺有关,如今泡沫爆破,数以百万相关工种将永久消失,地产从业员难以找到性质相接近的工作,因而心灰意冷,不少人已放弃搵工。另外,政府因应失业率高企而放宽领取失业救济金的门槛,过往失去工作只能申领26周的失业金,但在一再加码下,现时失业率高于8.5%的州份,失业者可以领取最多99周的失业援助,高福利令失业者失去搵工的迫切和热诚。
当U-6数字于1994年推出时,美国U-3失业率为6.6%,U-6失业率则是11.8%,其后经济在克林顿领导下欣欣向荣,U-3于2000年4月曾跌至3.8%,U-6则相应滑落至6.9%,直至近年才急速恶化,U-6失业率更改写有纪录以来的新高。如果用现时的计算方法去推算,U-3于1982年处于10.3%时,U-6应该是14.3%。由此可见,现时放弃搵工或就业不足的数字,较对上一次失业率见双位数字时严重得多。市场一般认为失业率4%已算是全民就业,现时失业率与4%距离越飘越远,估计未来10年亦不可能重见全民就业水平。
奥巴马政府早前声称,推出7870亿经济复苏及再投资计划(ARRP),已成功保留或创造65万份职位,但政府审计署则踢爆,指有关数字存在误导,因为人手不足的关係,逾10万份报告尚有25%遭搁置未检阁,而3978份声称有创造或救回职位的报告表示没有领取救市基金分毫,亦有9427份报告称领取了救市资金,却未能创造任何职位。至于何谓「成功创造或救回职位」,亦缺乏清楚的线和定义。
奥巴马当初游说国会批出7870亿ARRP时,曾声称可创造逾百万职位,避免失业率升越8%,如今流失的职位远快于创造的职位,失业率亦已重见双位数字。无就业复苏是否真正复苏,留待大家去判断。
◎ 曹仁超投资金句
-宁买当头起,莫买当头跌;即股价由高位回落10%至15%便要小心;股价由低价上升10%至15%则应留意。股价由10元升至11元是“当头起”,由10元回落至9元却是“当头跌”。只有老兵才会懂得“追涨不买跌”。
Investing is an art and highly emotional and subjective.
When buying stocks, if your buying decisions are based on"insiders' information or rumours" and not sound analysis, then you are gambling. Many investors enter the market when stocks prices are high (lacking of confidence to enter beforehand when prices were low). Once the stocks market crash, they tend to sell out their shares out of fear and pessimism, swearing to "chop off their fingers" and never enter the stocks market again. If such situation happens, all their previous gains may be wiped out and suffered a loss.
Investing is an art and highly emotional and subjective. Subjectivity is largely controlled by our emotions. There are times when we are optimistic or pessimistic. If we are unable to control our emotional weakness, we are unlikely to become successful investors.
To be successful, you must first understand yourself, in particular your emotions and the degree of pressure you can tolerate.
The investors should also analyse the country's economic prospects together with the earnings outlook of the major listed companies.
It is imperative that you like Mathematics as the sound mathematical knowledge plays a key role in investment.
财富為了实现梦想;而非梦想拥有财富 .
美元对亚洲货币走势图
Investing is an art and highly emotional and subjective. Subjectivity is largely controlled by our emotions. There are times when we are optimistic or pessimistic. If we are unable to control our emotional weakness, we are unlikely to become successful investors.
To be successful, you must first understand yourself, in particular your emotions and the degree of pressure you can tolerate.
The investors should also analyse the country's economic prospects together with the earnings outlook of the major listed companies.
It is imperative that you like Mathematics as the sound mathematical knowledge plays a key role in investment.
财富為了实现梦想;而非梦想拥有财富 .
美元对亚洲货币走势图
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Tuesday, November 24, 2009
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