作者:王 冠 一
随着越来越多数据显示美国经济持续有起色,市场开始憧景美国联储局的加息时间表会较预期来得早。作為美国利率指标的十年期孳息於去年12月,於短短1个月时间由3.18%飆升至3.83%(周一收报3.848%),两年孳息由0.662%升上1.14%(周一回落至1.088%收市),均反映市场揣测美息快将上升。不过,新年伊始,美国联储局有3名成员為加息大拨冷水,分别是联储局主席伯南克、副主席科恩和另一理事杜克(Elizabeth Duke)。
伯南克和科恩於出席阿特兰大美国经济学会年会时,双双為「联储局的低息政策乃楼市泡沫元凶」的指责辩护。伯南克承认2001年至2005年的超低息政策在製造楼市泡沫的过程中扮演了一定角色,但强调全球楼市的投机风气并非美国的低息所造成。他套用歷史关系作结,称楼价上升,低息只佔5%的责任,远较全球资金流动所佔比重的30%為少。但形成泡沫的最大元兄,必然是宽鬆的按揭,以及批出楼按的标準下降,让买家得以降低置业初期的供款,以致楼价被推升至难以长期维持的高水平。
他指出,曾经有一段时间,买家及银行均以為楼价只会升不会跌,前者选择或延长按揭期限,提供按揭的机构亦认為随着楼价上升,难以负担的按揭会逐渐变成可持续,的而且确,这个神话一度成立,但却未能通过时间考验,楼价最终停止上升,泡沫亦告爆破。
纵使伯南克称对加息防止资產泡沫持开放态度,但仍强调防止楼市泡沫的最佳方法,是针对宽鬆的批核及借贷机构的风险管理进行监管,而非货币政策,要加息防止泡沫,亦需要联储局对楼价的可持续性有準确的判断。他强调,即使联储局在2003至2004年判断泡沫有放气需要,但在经济刚从衰退中走出之际加息,不排除令复苏半途夭折。伯南克為低息政策辩护,亦反映了其无意在短期内加息的取态。
联储局副主席科恩亦表示,现阶段提息去应付或防止商品价格泡沫形成,不但没有太大效用,更会破坏脆弱的复苏步伐。他认為增长仍会有一段长时间会较潜在增长為缓慢,通胀亦会控制在央行目标的2%以下。他认為,透过收紧货币政策去打击可能出现的资產泡沫,中期经济稳定便要付出重大代价。其言论亦表明,没有足够论点支持经济投机之风可用短息去规范。
至於杜克女士则称经济增长步伐将较為缓慢,重申联储局过去数次会后声明的内容,即有需要维持低息多一段长时间。虽然利率期货显示今年第3季加息的机会接近50%,但除非经济大跃进,令联储局被迫加息,否则,市场对加息取态过度乐观,可能会希望越大,失望越大
◎曹Sir金句
投资就係将你的资本去冒险,你可能因此而有所损失,但千万不可全军尽墨,永远记住保本较增值更重要。
Investing is an art and highly emotional and subjective.
When buying stocks, if your buying decisions are based on"insiders' information or rumours" and not sound analysis, then you are gambling. Many investors enter the market when stocks prices are high (lacking of confidence to enter beforehand when prices were low). Once the stocks market crash, they tend to sell out their shares out of fear and pessimism, swearing to "chop off their fingers" and never enter the stocks market again. If such situation happens, all their previous gains may be wiped out and suffered a loss.
Investing is an art and highly emotional and subjective. Subjectivity is largely controlled by our emotions. There are times when we are optimistic or pessimistic. If we are unable to control our emotional weakness, we are unlikely to become successful investors.
To be successful, you must first understand yourself, in particular your emotions and the degree of pressure you can tolerate.
The investors should also analyse the country's economic prospects together with the earnings outlook of the major listed companies.
It is imperative that you like Mathematics as the sound mathematical knowledge plays a key role in investment.
财富為了实现梦想;而非梦想拥有财富 .
美元对亚洲货币走势图
Investing is an art and highly emotional and subjective. Subjectivity is largely controlled by our emotions. There are times when we are optimistic or pessimistic. If we are unable to control our emotional weakness, we are unlikely to become successful investors.
To be successful, you must first understand yourself, in particular your emotions and the degree of pressure you can tolerate.
The investors should also analyse the country's economic prospects together with the earnings outlook of the major listed companies.
It is imperative that you like Mathematics as the sound mathematical knowledge plays a key role in investment.
财富為了实现梦想;而非梦想拥有财富 .
美元对亚洲货币走势图
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Tuesday, January 5, 2010
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